update docker readme
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Roger Rutishauser
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docker/README.md
183
docker/README.md
@ -70,55 +70,115 @@ Docker provides volumes for persistent storage, ensuring data remains even if a
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Tools like Docker Compose and Kubernetes are used to manage and scale multiple containers in production environments.
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## Workflow example
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1. Write a Dockerfile to package the application.
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2. Build the Docker image using docker build.
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3. Run the image as a container using docker run.
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4. Use Docker Compose to manage multiple containers for a complete application (e.g., web server + database).
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1. Write a __Dockerfile__ to __package the application__.
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2. Build the Docker __image__ using __docker build__.
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3. Run the image as a __container__ using __docker run__.
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4. Use __Docker Compose__ to manage __multiple containers__ for a complete application (e.g., web server + database).
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# Docker Image
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Docker images are the building blocks for containers. An image is a static snapshot of an environment that contains all necessary dependencies for an application.
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Images are created using a `Dockerfile` and can be stored and shared via a Docker registry like Docker Hub.
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__Images can either be built, or existing images can be pulled from a registry.__
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## Docker Registry
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## Dockerfile
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By default, Docker __pulls__ images from __Docker Hub__, the default public registry for Docker images. \
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For example `image: 'jc21/nginx-proxy-manager:latest'` Docker will search for the image `jc21/nginx-proxy-manager` on Docker Hub and pull the latest tag (or version).
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`Dockerifle` ist eine einfache Textdatei, mit der man eigene Images bauen kann. Sie basieren immer auf einem bestehenden base Image (z.B. nginx:latest). Mit `docker build` wird das image erstellt, bevor man es mit `docker run` starten kann.
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If the image is hosted on a different container registry (e.g., Amazon Elastic Container Registry, Google Container Registry, or a private registry), you must provide the __full registry URL__ as a prefix, like e.g. `image: 'myregistry.example.com/myimage:latest'`. Docker will pull the image from `myregistry.example.com`.
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Before attempting to download the image, Docker checks if the image already exists locally in the __cache__. If found, it uses the local copy.
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## Building Image
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Im Ordner wo das Dockerfile liegt, ausführen: `docker build -t node-app:1.0 .`, wobei `node-app` ein x-beliebiger Name ist für das image, und anschl. die Version. Dann starten mit `docker run -d -p 80:3000 node-app:1.0` wenn man es auf Port 80 von aussen laufen lassen will.
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Dockerfile Doku unter https://docs.docker.com/reference/builder
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## Docker Hub
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hier gibt es vorgefertigte Images.
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If the registry requires __authentication__, you must log in using `docker login <registry_url>` or configure credentials in the Docker Compose file.
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```
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$ docker login
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$ docker pull
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docker login
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docker pull
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etc.
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```
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## Own App: Dockerfile
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## Commands
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`Dockerfile` ist eine einfache Textdatei, mit der man eigene Images bauen kann. Sie basieren immer auf einem bestehenden base Image (z.B. `nginx:latest` oder `node:16.13.0-alpine`). Mit `docker build` wird das image erstellt, bevor man es mit `docker run` starten kann.
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### Anzeigen aller Images
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Dockerfile documentation: https://docs.docker.com/reference/builder
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## Build Docker image
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Im Ordner wo das Dockerfile liegt, ausführen:
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```
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sudo docker images
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docker build .
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```
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Um dem Image einen Namen und einen Tag zu geben (1.0 ist im folgenden Beispiel der Tag)
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```
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docker build -t node-app:1.0 .
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```
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## Run docker image
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Image, which was either pulled from a registry or was built on the system, can be run with:
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```
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docker run -d -p 3000:80 -e FOO='bar' -FOO2='bar2' --name myApp node-app:1.0
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```
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- `-d` Optional. For detached mode (run in background)
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- `-p 3000:80` Optional. Traffic on port 3000, and port 80 inside the container.
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- `-e` Optional. Environment Parameter, that will be passed on to the container
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- `--name` Optional. Name for container.
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- `--restart` Optional. Restart policy. `no`, `on-failure:5`, `always`
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- `node-app:1.0` image/tag to be started.
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## Show all docker images
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```
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docker images
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docker image ls # alternativ
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```
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Example:
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```
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rogrut@zidbacons02:/$ docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
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docker dind 0f7ea23310b3 3 weeks ago 397MB
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docker <none> 7a9eec921ea3 2 months ago 378MB
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cr.gitlab.uzh.ch/dba/digicert/export-digicert/main e9af5b08 95248f27c850 2 months ago 261MB
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caddy latest 1b7d0a82297a 3 months ago 48.5MB
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alpine <none> b0c9d60fc5e3 3 months ago 7.83MB
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curlimages/curl latest 7551dbeefe0d 4 months ago 21.8MB
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```
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## Delete Docker image
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```
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docker rmi <REPOSITORY:TAG>
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docker rmi ubuntu:2010
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```
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## Add Tag to Docker image
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The following will clone the image with a new tag, but has the same IMAGE ID.
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```
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docker tag <REPOSITORY>:<TAG> <REPOSITORY>:<new tag, e.g. 1.0 instead of latest>
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```
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## Push Docker image to repository
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the following will clone an image and add a tag that can be used to push to a repository. It will then push it to the repo.
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```
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docker tag myApp:latest myApp:latest repository-example.com/rogerrutishauser/myApp:latest
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docker login
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docker push
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```
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@ -127,8 +187,7 @@ sudo docker images
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Ein Container ist ein Image, welches gerade ausgeführt wird. Wenn ein Image mit `docker run nginx` ausgeführt wird, spricht man von einem Container. Es ist vergleichbar mit einem Prozess. Container wird auf Basis eines Ausgangs-Images gestartet.
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## Daten Teilen
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## Share data
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### 1. Möglichkeit: Verzeichnisse mappen (Host-Verzeichnis im Container mappen)
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@ -218,18 +277,20 @@ $ docker run -it -P --link mongodb:mongo ubuntu:20.04 /bin/bash
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## Commands
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## Container Commands
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### Anzeigen aller Container
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```
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sudo docker ps -a
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docker ps -a
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docker container ls -a # alternativ
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```
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Nur laufende:
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```
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sudo docker ps
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docker ps
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docker container ls # alternativ
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```
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### Ausgabe eines Containers anzeigen
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@ -247,14 +308,21 @@ journalctl -xu docker.service
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### Container starten
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```
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docker run --name Test_run ubuntu:20.04
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docker run -d -p 3000:80 -e --name <beliebiger_containername> <IMAGE ID>
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```
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### Container stoppen / neu starten
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```
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docker stop
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docker restart
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docker stop <containername>
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docker restart <containername>
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```
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### Container (schneller) stoppen und löschen
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```
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docker kill <containername>
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docker rm <containername>
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```
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### Befehl in Docker Container ausführen
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@ -351,29 +419,25 @@ docker-compose --version
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## Image Location
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Example:
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```
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services:
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nproxy-app:
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image: 'jc21/nginx-proxy-manager:latest'
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build: .
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```
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### Docker Hub:
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### Registry
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By default, Docker pulls images from Docker Hub, the default public registry for Docker images.
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In the example `image: 'jc21/nginx-proxy-manager:latest'` Docker will search for the image jc21/nginx-proxy-manager on Docker Hub and pull the latest tag (or version).
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In docker compose, use `image` to use an existing image from the registry.
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### Other Registries:
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If the image is hosted on a different container registry (e.g., Amazon Elastic Container Registry, Google Container Registry, or a private registry), you must provide the full registry URL as a prefix, like e.g. `image: 'myregistry.example.com/myimage:latest'`. Docker will pull the image from myregistry.example.com.
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### local cache
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Before attempting to download the image, Docker checks if the image already exists locally. If found, it uses the local copy.
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### Authentication
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If the registry requires authentication, you must log in using `docker login <registry_url>` or configure credentials in the Docker Compose file.
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```
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services:
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redis:
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image: redis:latest
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```
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### Local Image
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@ -411,10 +475,12 @@ services:
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redis:
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image: redis:latest
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webapp:
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build: .
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image: registry.cs.zi.uzh.ch/zi-adb-dba/export-digicert-report:latest
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```
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## Docker Volumes
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There are three volume types:
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@ -457,7 +523,11 @@ volumes:
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o: addr=remote-hostname.com,username=user,password=mysuperpassword,nodev,noexec,nosuid,vers=2.1,uid=1000,gid=1000
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```
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### Show docker volumes
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```
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docker volume ls
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```
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## Commands
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@ -474,3 +544,14 @@ Ins Verzeichnis gehen wo docker-compose.yml liegt, und dann `docker-compose star
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### Events
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`docker compose events`
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# Allgemeinte Commands
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## Aufräumen
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Löscht alle Images, Volumes, Netzwerke, die nicht mit mind. 1 Container verbunden sind, sowie den Build Cache.
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```
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docker system prune --all --volumes
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```
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