IT-Wissen/t-sql/README.md
Roger Rutishauser c3fd17dfbb various
2024-10-04 14:37:58 +02:00

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# Transact-SQL
## begin transaction
``` sql
begin transaction
-- ...insert or whatever...
commit; -- if all ok
rollback; --if not ok
```
## Check if a List of numbers exist in a table:
``` sql
-- declare array
DECLARE @IDList TABLE (ID INT);
-- fill array
INSERT INTO @IDList (ID)
VALUES (274), (7238), (7546), (7719), (36227);
-- create table with id and exists/not exist
SELECT l.ID, CASE WHEN vv.OBJ_ID IS NOT NULL THEN 'Exists' ELSE 'Does Not Exist' END AS Status
FROM @IDList l
LEFT JOIN VAL vv ON l.ID = vv.OBJ_ID;
```
## String Suche über alle Tables einer DB
``` sql
DECLARE @SearchStr NVARCHAR(100) = '%wikidata%' -- Replace with the string you want to search
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX) = ''
-- Generate the SQL for each table and column
SELECT @SQL = @SQL + 'SELECT ''' + TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + TABLE_NAME + ''' AS TableName, '''
+ COLUMN_NAME + ''' AS ColumnName, '
+ 'CAST(' + QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) + ' AS NVARCHAR(4000)) AS ColumnValue '
+ 'FROM ' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) + ' '
+ 'WHERE CAST(' + QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) + ' AS NVARCHAR(4000)) LIKE ''%' + @SearchStr + '%'' UNION ALL '
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar', 'text', 'ntext')
-- Remove the last UNION ALL
SET @SQL = LEFT(@SQL, LEN(@SQL) - 10)
-- Execute the dynamically constructed SQL
EXEC sp_executesql @SQL
```
## convert Unix Timestamp to date
``` sql
SELECT pid,
dateadd(hh,-5,dateadd(s, convert(bigint, cDate) / 1000, convert(datetime,'1-1-1970 00:00:00'))),
dateadd(hh,-5,dateadd(s, convert(bigint, mDate) / 1000, convert(datetime,'1-1-1970 00:00:00'))),
mDate,
dcTitle
FROM databasename_xy.dbo.tablename_xy
WHERE pid like 'test:%'';
```
## Mehrere Zeilen zusammen in 1 Zeile mergen
Annahme:
- Tabelle hat Spalten OBJ_ID, VAL_TEXT, FLD_ID
- OBJ_ID hat mehrere Einträge, mit unterschiedlichen Werten in VAL_TEXT und FLD_ID. Halt je nach Feld andere Feldwerte.
- Ich möchte eine Query, die mir 1 Zeile pro OBJ_ID ausgibt, mit 1 Spalte "url" und 1 Spalte "Name"
- "url" ist in VAL_TEXT mit FLD_ID xy (in diesem Bsp. egal) enthalten
- "name" ist in VAL_TEXT mit FLD_ID 40414 enthalten
- Bei der Query soll nur die OBJ_ID berücksichtig werden, die in einem VAL_TEXT "%wikidata%" drin hat
``` sql
WITH CTE_Wikidata AS (
-- Sammle alle OBJ_IDs, bei denen VAL_TEXT "wikidata" enthält
SELECT OBJ_ID, VAL_TEXT AS url
FROM VAL
WHERE VAL_TEXT LIKE '%wikidata%'
),
CTE_Person AS (
-- Sammle alle OBJ_IDs, bei denen FLD_ID = 240414 und die in CTE_Wikidata existieren
SELECT v.OBJ_ID, v.VAL_TEXT AS person
FROM VAL v
INNER JOIN CTE_Wikidata wd ON v.OBJ_ID = wd.OBJ_ID
WHERE v.FLD_ID = 40414
)
SELECT
wd.OBJ_ID,
wd.url,
p.person
FROM CTE_Wikidata wd
LEFT JOIN CTE_Person p ON wd.OBJ_ID = p.OBJ_ID;
```